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Table 5 Biomarker parameters recorded at time of admission (baseline) and at time of discharge from hospital (endpoint)

From: Efficacy of two siddha polyherbal decoctions, Nilavembu Kudineer and Kaba Sura Kudineer, along with standard allopathy treatment in the management of mild to moderate symptomatic COVID-19 patients—a double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial

  Arm I: Placebo
Mean (SD)
Arm II: NVK
Mean (SD)
Arm III: KSK
Mean (SD)
P value
IL 6 baseline
(n=38, 39, 34)
7.5 (4.4) 5.7 (4.2) 7.1 (4.0) 0.09
IL 6 endpoint
(n=38, 39, 38)
4.0 (2.9) 2.6 (2.5) 2.2 (1.3) 0.02
LDH baseline
(n=26, 25, 22)
17.2 (3.5) 16.6 (4.6) 17.3 (5.8) 0.61
LDH endpoint
(n=24, 17, 13)
17.4 (5.6) 17.3 (3.9) 13.2 (5.6) 0.10
Ferritin baseline
(n=26, 25, 21)
10.5 (4.5) 11.7 (5.3) 13.2 (5.8) 0.25
Ferritin endpoint
(n=23, 16, 11)
11.4 (5.0) 11.0 (5.7) 10.6 (5.3) 0.95
D dimer baseline
(n=26, 21, 13)
0.9 (0.7) 1.9 (3.6) 2.7 (6.8) 0.79
D dimer endpoint
(n=16, 15, 7)
2.6 (4.8) 1.6 (2.6) 3.7 (7.5) 0.53
CRP baseline
(n=24, 25, 22)
3.5 (2.8) 3.0 (2.4) 2.6 (1.5) 0.84
CRP endpoint
(n=22, 19, 15)
3.9 (3.2) 2.5 (1.6) 3.1 (4.7) 0.26
  1. Units: IL 6, picogram per milliter (pg/mL); LDH, units per liter (U/L); Ferritin, micrograms per liter (mg/L); D-dimer, nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL); CRP, milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL)